Canada, Mexico, China, the United Kingdom, Japan and an assortment of other countries around the world said the World Trade Organization has an essential role to play in ensuring the continued flow of essential goods -- including medical supplies -- across borders. “We stress that trade restrictive emergency measures aimed at protecting health, if deemed necessary, shall be targeted, proportionate, transparent and temporary, not create unnecessary barriers to trade or disruption to global supply chains, and be consistent with WTO rules. We pledge to lift any such measures as soon as possible,” the statement said. “We also stress the necessity of maintaining agriculture supply chains and preserving Members' food security. We, therefore, pledge to not impose export restrictions and to refrain from implementing unjustified trade barriers on agricultural and food products in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.” No country in the European Union signed the statement, issued May 5, nor did the U.S.

China said it has joined 17 other World Trade Organization members to create a temporary dispute settlement system (see 2004150013) to solve trade issues despite the paralysis of the WTO’s dispute settlement body (see 2001240027). The temporary body will ensure “consistency and predictability” of rulings, China said in an April 30 notice, according to an unofficial translation. The “ultimate goal” of each participating WTO member is to “restore the normal operation of the appeal body,” China said.

Canada said earlier this week that it intends to ask for World Trade Organization permission to retaliate for the U.S. countervailing measures on supercalendered paper that ended in 2018 but were ruled out of bounds in February 2020 by the WTO appellate body (see 2002060059). Supercalendered paper is glossy paper used in advertising inserts, catalogs and magazines. The U.S. had levied 20.18% and 17.87% countervailing duties on two Canadian companies in 2015.

The World Trade Organization is forecasting a huge hit to trade around the world, but how bad it will be depends on how long the lockdowns persist, the organization said April 8. In an optimistic scenario, restrictions on movement are lifted after three months. In a pessimistic scenario, they're lifted (or partially lifted) after six months. And in the worst-case scenario, the stay-at-home orders last for a year, and even after they're over, a lot of the people who lost their jobs do not get back to work, so big-ticket purchases like cars and major appliances continue to be depressed in 2021.

Trade in products that are in severe shortage during the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic accounted for 1.7% of world trade in 2019, according to a new report from the World Trade Organization. Although many of the medical products that are traded face no tariffs in many countries -- medicines rarely face a tariff, and they account for more than half the traded value -- there are goods that still face high tariffs. The WTO said the average applied tariff for hand soap is 17% and the average tariff on protective gear such as gowns, gloves and masks is 11.5%.

Japan asked the World Trade Organization to establish a dispute settlement panel on the matter of India’s increased tariffs on information and communication technology goods, according to an unofficial translation of a March 19 notice. The announcement came after Japan said it was unable to reach a resolution with India after requesting WTO consultations last year (see 1905100020). Japan said India’s tariffs violate the WTO’s General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and place unfair tariffs on a range of mobile phones, “digital microwave communications” devices and more. The WTO dispute settlement body, which has been inactive after President Donald Trump blocked appointees last year (see 1912090031), is expected to remain inactive beyond 2020 (see 2003060035). A group of WTO members announced in January plans for an interim appeals process (see 2001240027).

The June 8-11 ministerial meeting of the World Trade Organization will not go forward, the director general of the WTO told members March 12. The coronavirus pandemic makes it not feasible, he said. A worldwide agreement on fisheries subsidies was supposed to come together in time for the meeting.

The Trade Facilitation Agreement reached a 91% ratification rate among World Trade Organization members three years after it was introduced, according to a Feb. 22 news release from the WTO. The TFA, which applies only to WTO members who accept it, has the “potential” to “slash members' trade costs by an average” of about 14.5%, the WTO said. It reduces “time needed to import and export goods” and helps “expedite the movement, release and clearance of goods across borders.” As the TFA’s implementation rate increased, WTO members have shared information to help traders within the agreement understand varying import, export and transit procedures and the use of customs brokers, single windows and customs contact points, the WTO said.

The Office of the U.S. Trade Representative released an extensive critique of the appellate body at the World Trade Organization. But the administration offered no proposals for what other countries could do to satisfy it so that it would allow the appellate body to be rejuvenated. Currently, there is no quorum for the body, so it cannot hear appeals. Many of the complaints are about how the WTO has ruled on antidumping and countervailing duty cases in the U.S. -- the report mentions “zeroing,” a method used in antidumping, nearly 100 times. The report said, “The United States is publishing this Report -- the first comprehensive study of the Appellate Body’s failure to comply with WTO rules and interpret WTO agreements as written -- to examine and explain the problem, not dictate solutions.”

Japan, Australia and Singapore and 80 other World Trade Organization members agreed to develop a “consolidated negotiating text” for WTO e-commerce negotiations by the next WTO conference in June, according to a joint press release. The plan was agreed to during a Jan. 24 informal meeting on the sidelines of the World Economic Forum in Switzerland, where they said “good progress” has been made during the first year of negotiations. Members said the negotiations will address e-commerce trade challenges faced by developing countries and small to medium-sized businesses.