House Ways and Means Trade Subcommittee Chairman Earl Blumenauer, D-Ore., who led a trip to Mexico with nine other House members last week, said that everyone came away impressed with Mexico's President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador. Blumenauer said that in his opinion, the entire Mexican Cabinet is clearly committed to changing labor laws in Mexico so that its workers can be better paid. "Lots of money was made [from NAFTA], but workers in the United States, workers in Mexico, are no better off in inflation-adjusted terms," he said.

The Senate Foreign Relations Committee passed a bill on July 25 that would sanction people who are blocking access to Yemeni ports, supporting the Houthi movement in Yemen or were involved in the death of journalist Jamal Khashoggi, the committee said in a July 25 press release. The bill specifically mentions those “hindering the efforts” of the United Nations and other organizations trying to provide humanitarian relief in Yemen and would sanction companies that sell defense-related items or services to the Houthi movement in Yemen. The bill, titled the Saudi Arabia Accountability and Yemen Act of 2019, asks the president to sanction those involved in the Yemen conflict under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act and sanction those involved in the Khashoggi murder, including “any official of the government of Saudi Arabia,” under the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act.

Of the 10 Congress members who traveled to Mexico last weekend to evaluate the NAFTA rewrite as part of a congressional delegation, one was already planning to vote for the deal, others were leaning yes, and some others have always opposed free trade deals. For some of those who were leaning yes, their conversations with government officials and institutions that tackle environmental problems near the border moved them closer to voting yes. For others who were already skeptical, they returned even more skeptical.

A Senate bill would authorize sanctions on foreign persons, including government officials, responsible for illegally trading tobacco products. The bill, introduced June 25 and titled the “Combating the Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products Act,” would freeze assets and block funds of sanctioned people under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. The bill would also impose travel bans. The bill states that the "illicit trade in tobacco products or their precursors is a multibillion dollar business that fuels organized crime, fosters public corruption, undermines public health goals, and finances terrorist groups that threaten global security and stability."

The House of Representatives passed three Senate resolutions that would block the export of Raytheon laser-guided bombs to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. These munitions are used in those countries' interventions in the Yemen civil war, which many members of Congress disapprove of. All Democrats, four Republicans and former Republican Rep. Justin Amash of Michigan supported the resolutions, and a handful of members from both parties didn't vote the evening of July 17. The 238 or 237 votes in favor of the resolutions are not enough to override an expected veto; the resolutions passed the Senate 53-45, also not strongly enough to override a veto. There are 19 other resolutions the Senate passed on arms sales to these countries that have not yet been voted on in the House.

Two members of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee urged Secretary of State Mike Pompeo to impose more sanctions on Nicaragua officials, saying the current sanctions regime, including designations announced June 21, need to be expanded. In a July 11 letter, Sens. Bob Menendez, D-N.J., and Ted Cruz, R-Texas, said Pompeo should “work with Congress on additional efforts to hold Nicaraguan officials accountable.” The letter cited Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega’s “human rights abuses” and keeping of political prisoners.

Rep. Ron Kind, a pro-trade Democrat from a rural district in Wisconsin, is questioning the Trump administration's claims that large-scale purchases of commodities would follow the meeting of the Chinese and U.S. presidents at the G-20 Summit in Japan. He sent a letter to Larry Kudlow, the president's chief economic adviser, and to Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue on July 17 making this point. "On July 15, Mr. Kudlow stated that the Administration expects that China will soon be announcing 'some large scale purchases' but offered no further details. Farmers in Wisconsin and around the country are under intense pressure to stay above water, and any notifications of additional agricultural purchases should be clearly communicated to the Congress and the public."

Senate Finance Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, told reporters July 16 that he's no longer making predictions about how or when the China-U.S. trade conflict might get resolved. In April, before the breakdown in talks, Grassley was cheering the progress the administration was making (see 1904100052). He said he had been expecting something to be signed in late May, and when the talks fell apart, "I thought we were at the 10-yard line getting an agreement." So now, he said, "I'm going to be very careful" about reacting to news about how things are going between negotiators. He said he heard the rumors that hawks in China are ascendant, and that an addition to the Chinese negotiating team bodes ill for an agreement, but then also saw commentators saying such pessimism is overblown. "I’m just going to take it a day at a time," he said.

Sen. Elizabeth Warren, a Massachusetts Democrat who's also running for president, has asked an ethics official in the Commerce Department to examine whether the head of the International Trade Administration and the acting undersecretary for Industry and Security have ethical conflicts in the steel and aluminum Section 232 exclusion process. Both ITA and the Bureau of Industry and Security are responsible for evaluating the exclusion requests, and BIS officials ultimately grant or reject the requests.

The House on July 15 passed a bill that would order the president to impose sanctions on corrupt government officials in the Northern Triangle countries, according to a press release from the House Foreign Affairs Committee. The bill, titled the "United States-Northern Triangle Enhanced Engagement Act," would sanction officials involved in bribery, extortion and money laundering through asset freezes and U.S. travel bans. Violators of the sanctions would be subject to penalties in the International Emergency Economic Powers Act.